Points clés
- Cloud agents (GPT-4, Claude 4.6): Fastest (50–200ms/step), most capable, most expensive, no privacy.
- Local agents (Llama 13B+): Slower (2–5 sec/step), less capable, cheap at scale, fully private.
- Break-even: ~50M tokens/month. Beyond that, local is cheaper.
- Best: Hybrid. Use cloud for complex reasoning, local for routine automation.
- As of April 2026, most businesses use hybrid approach.
Performance: Speed and Latency
| Agent Type | Per Step (ms) | Per Reasoning Loop | Scalability |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPT-4 API | — | 1–2 sec | Unlimited |
| Claude 4.6 API | — | 1–2 sec | Unlimited |
| Local Llama 13B | — | 6–10 sec | Limited by hardware |
| Local Qwen 32B | — | 10–15 sec | Limited by hardware |
Cost Breakdown
| Monthly Volume | Cloud (GPT-4) | Cloud (Claude) | Local (amortized) |
|---|---|---|---|
| — | $20 | $20 | $0 |
| — | $200 | $200 | $0 |
| — | $2,000 | $2,000 | $300 |
| — | $20,000 | $20,000 | $3,000 |
Privacy and Compliance
Cloud agents: Data sent to vendor servers. Subject to vendor's privacy policy and data retention.
Local agents: Data stays on your hardware. Full control over data lifecycle.
Compliance: GDPR, HIPAA require local agents for regulated data.
Capability Comparison
| Task | Cloud Agents | Local Agents |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-step reasoning | — | — |
| Code generation | — | — |
| Web search/browsing | — | — |
| Document processing | — | — |
| Tool usage | — | — |
| Long-term memory | — | — |
When to Choose Each
Choose cloud if:
- Task requires complex reasoning or world knowledge.
- Low latency is critical (<500ms per step).
- Volume is <50M tokens/month.
- Data is non-sensitive.
- You want managed infrastructure.
When to Choose Local
Choose local if:
- Data is sensitive (healthcare, finance, proprietary).
- GDPR or HIPAA compliance required.
- Volume >50M tokens/month (cost advantage).
- You need full customization of agent behavior.
- You want zero vendor lock-in.
Hybrid Approach
Best practice: Use cloud for complex tasks, local for routine automation.
Example workflow: Route simple queries to local agent (fast, cheap), complex queries to GPT-4 (accurate, slow).
Tools like PromptQuorum dispatch to both and compare results.
Sources
- OpenAI API Pricing — openai.com/pricing
- Anthropic Claude Pricing — anthropic.com/pricing